{"id":12360,"date":"2020-01-17T00:11:48","date_gmt":"2020-01-17T07:11:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cafe.foundation\/blog\/?p=12360"},"modified":"2020-01-17T00:11:48","modified_gmt":"2020-01-17T07:11:48","slug":"supercaps-for-supercars-and-sky-taxis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/cafe.foundation\/blog\/supercaps-for-supercars-and-sky-taxis\/","title":{"rendered":"Supercaps for Supercars &#8211; and Sky Taxis?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Your editor has asked for years if batteries in electrically-powered aircraft could be augmented by supercapacitors, devices able to unleash significant amounts of power quickly.\u00a0 The usual answer is that the added weight of supercaps that could add power on demand would be about that of added batteries to equal the performance.<\/p>\n<p>We wrote about the use of super capacitors in <a href=\"http:\/\/cafe.foundation\/blog\/24-hours-of-lemans-hybrids-kers-and-high-speeds\/\">KERS (Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems)<\/a> used in Formula racers and even at LeMans.\u00a0 At around the same time, <a href=\"http:\/\/cafe.foundation\/blog\/formula-1-cars-and-mazda-recover-waste-energy\/\">Mazda tucked supercaps under the front wheel well<\/a> on some models to capture waste energy from braking.\u00a0 That energy could then power electric systems in the car and even recharge the main battery.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>In an explanation and comparison of lithium batteries and supercaps, Matt Ferrell gives a reasonable overview of the two and how they will probably evolve in the future.\u00a0 As he notes, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.maxwell.com\/\">Tesla recently purchased Maxwell technologies<\/a>, possibly to fill what Maxwell describes as the \u201cenergy gap for fast-response, high power delivery solutions.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Batteries and Supercapacitors\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XjX3deXDtnQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Lamborghini and MIT Double the Energy Density in Supercapacitors<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.designnews.com\/batteryenergy-storage\/lamborghini-and-mit-double-energy-density-super-capacitors\/69392949962014\"><em>Design News<\/em> reports that MIT and Lamborghini,<\/a> having partnered on developing advanced supercapacitors for the last two years, recently announced a patented technique for doubling the energy density of capacitors.\u00a0 The advance, \u201csynthesized by professor Mircea Dinc\u0103\u2019s team in the laboratories of MIT\u2019s Chemistry Department with the support of Lamborghini\u2019s Concept Development Department, is based on\u2026 the \u201cMetal-Organic Frameworks\u201d (MOF) concept.\u201d Maurizio Reggiani directs the Lamborghini department.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_14878\" style=\"width: 538px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/sustainableskies.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/mit-lamborghini-MOFs.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14878\" class=\"wp-image-14878 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/sustainableskies.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/mit-lamborghini-MOFs-528x526.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"528\" height=\"526\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-14878\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/chemistry\/metal-organic-framework\">Metal\u2013organic frameworks<\/a>\u00a0 (MOFs), a new class of \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/materials-science\/crystalline-material\">crystalline<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/physics-and-astronomy\/porous-materials\">porous materials<\/a>, have gained extensive explorations as a highly versatile platform for functional applications in many research fields.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>According to <em>Design News<\/em>, \u201cThe molecular structure of this family of materials makes it the ideal candidate for producing electrodes for high performance supercapacitors of the future, because it maximizes the amount of surface area exposed to electric charge in relation to the mass and volume of the sample.\u201d<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_14879\" style=\"width: 538px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/sustainableskies.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Lamborghini-Sian-supercapacitor3-Reffiani-and-Dinca-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14879\" class=\"wp-image-14879 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/sustainableskies.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Lamborghini-Sian-supercapacitor3-Reffiani-and-Dinca-528x352.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"528\" height=\"352\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-14879\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Reggiani (left) and\u00a0Dinc\u0103 (right).\u00a0Image source: Automobili Lamborghini<\/p><\/div>\n<h4><strong>Great in a Great Car \u2013 Will They Work in Econoboxes?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Because the super materials are not yet in a supercar, questions arise whether the MOFs can be made in commercial quantities at a price that dips below the $3.7 million, cost-is-no-object heights of the Lamborghini Si\u00e1n\u2019s components.\u00a0 Its drivetrain features a naturally-aspirated, 785-horsepower V-12 engine, with a 34-horsepower, 48-Volt motor \u201cincorporated into the gearbox to provide immediate response and improved performance.\u201d\u00a0 An extra 4.3-percent power may not seem like much of a kick in the pants, but does provide acceleration while reducing the load on the engine.\u00a0 Not pushing the engine past its 8,500 rpm redline is a welcome longevity enhancement for a pricey investment. Supercaps are\u00a0 immediately responsive, not requiring the spool-up time of a turbocharger.<\/p>\n<p>Able to sell all the supercars it can build, Lamborghini is probably not concerned about the realities bean counters in more plebeian companies impose.\u00a0 Reggiani says, \u201cCosts have not been evaluated yet.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greencarcongress.com\/2019\/11\/20191107-lambo.html\"><em>GreenCarCongress.com<\/em> notes<\/a>\u00a0the Si\u00e1n energy storage is three times more powerful than a battery of the same weight and three times lighter than a battery producing the same power.\u00a0 The article adds, \u201cThe electric system with the supercapacitor and e-motor weighs only 34 kg, thus it delivers a remarkable weight-to-power ratio of 1.0 kg\/hp. Symmetric power flow ensures the same efficiency in both charging and discharging cycles\u2014the most lightweight and efficient hybrid solution.\u201d\u00a0 Considering the system is self-contained and recharged every time the driver pumps the brake pedal, it seems a reasonable boast for the essentially mild hybrid setup.<\/p>\n<p>Reggiani explains why Lamborghini pursues this line. \u201cThere\u2019re several very interesting characteristics.\u00a0 The power density, first of all, which makes the capacitors much more powerful compared with batteries &#8212; up to three times more power for a given mass &#8212; with a symmetrical behavior which makes them able to recuperate as much power as they can deliver.\u00a0\u00a0Under this aspect, the difference with batteries is huge.\u201d<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_14880\" style=\"width: 538px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/sustainableskies.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Lamborghini-Sian-supercapacitor4-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14880\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14880\" src=\"http:\/\/sustainableskies.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Lamborghini-Sian-supercapacitor4-528x352.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"528\" height=\"352\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-14880\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hidden by this cover is the\u00a0Si\u00e1n&#8217;s super capacitor.\u00a0<em>Image source: Automobili Lamborghini<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<p>Reggiani sees other benefits. \u00a0\u201cThen, the very low electrical resistance, which means high efficiency and low heat dissipation, and the very long life, measurable in millions of cycles in comparison with the thousands of cycles of the batteries.\u201d<\/p>\n<h4>Aerial Applications?<\/h4>\n<p>As supercapacitors and batteries increase in power and energy storage capabilities, one wonders if coming changes will change the preferences designers have for their applications.\u00a0 Since academia and industry are progressing on both fronts, we anticipate great things to come \u2013 regardless.<\/p>\n<div id=\"facebook_like\"><iframe src=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/plugins\/like.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fcafe.foundation%2Fblog%2Fsupercaps-for-supercars-and-sky-taxis%2F&amp;layout=standard&amp;show_faces=true&amp;width=500&amp;action=like&amp;font=segoe+ui&amp;colorscheme=light&amp;height=80\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none; overflow:hidden; width:500px; height:80px;\" allowTransparency=\"true\"><\/iframe><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Your editor has asked for years if batteries in electrically-powered aircraft could be augmented by supercapacitors, devices able to unleash significant amounts of power quickly.\u00a0 The usual answer is that the added weight of supercaps that could add power on demand would be about that of added batteries to equal the performance. We wrote about [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6862,6680,6894,8173,14],"tags":[9953,9954,7018,9955,9956,9033,9957,9958,1946,9959,341],"class_list":["post-12360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-batteries","category-electric-aircraft-components","category-hybrid-aircraft","category-sky-taxis","category-sustainable_ga","tag-automobili-lamborghini","tag-crystalline-porous-materials","tag-greencarcongress-com","tag-kers-kinetic-energy-recovery-systems","tag-lamborghini-sian","tag-massachusetts-institute-of-technology-mit","tag-maurizio-reggiani","tag-maxwell-technologies","tag-mazda","tag-mircea-dinca","tag-tesla"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Supercaps for Supercars - and Sky Taxis? - CAFE Foundation Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/cafe.foundation\/blog\/supercaps-for-supercars-and-sky-taxis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Supercaps for Supercars - and Sky Taxis? - CAFE Foundation Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Your editor has asked for years if batteries in electrically-powered aircraft could be augmented by supercapacitors, devices able to unleash significant amounts of power quickly.\u00a0 The usual answer is that the added weight of supercaps that could add power on demand would be about that of added batteries to equal the performance. 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