{"id":13962,"date":"2021-03-15T15:58:27","date_gmt":"2021-03-15T22:58:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cafe.foundation\/blog\/?p=13962"},"modified":"2021-03-15T20:41:36","modified_gmt":"2021-03-16T03:41:36","slug":"two-hydrogen-powered-aerial-vehicles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/cafe.foundation\/blog\/two-hydrogen-powered-aerial-vehicles\/","title":{"rendered":"Two Hydrogen-Powered Aerial Vehicles"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Two very different hydrogen-powered aerial vehicles have come to our attention, each with a different mission, but both with endurance and range as primary functions.\u00a0 Both use a fairly straightforward fuel cell\/motor arrangement to power their flights.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Vicor\/DMI Fuel Cell Drones<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Doosan Mobility Innovation (DMI) is a major drone manufacturer, and their largest products push against the FAA\u2019s 55-pound (24.97-kilogram) weight limit.\u00a0 Their DM30, powered with a DS30 fuel cell and a 10.8 liter H2 tank weighs 21 kilograms and can carry a five kilogram (11 pound) payload.\u00a0 Carrying a full payload may require using the smaller seven-liter tank.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Hydrogen Fuel Cells Overview - 1 (HYDROGEN FUEL CELL DRONE \/ \uc218\uc18c\uc5f0\ub8cc\uc804\uc9c0 \ub4dc\ub860)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/L9u6fKIHC2M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/eepower.com\/author\/alessandromascellino\/\">Alessandro Mascellino<\/a>, writing in EE Power, describes recent combination of resources that makes long-range drone deliveries possible.\u00a0 \u201cThe first machines built as part of the collaboration can fly two hours on a single charge and have already transported masks and emergency supplies between US Virgin Islands. The drones feature a number of power components by Vicor.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/eepower.com\/technical-articles\/vicor-partners-with-dmi-on-worlds-first-commercialized-hydrogen-fuel-cell-powered-drones\/#\">Partnering with Vicor,<\/a> Doosan provides the vehicle and the power system, Vicor finesses the regulation of that power.\u00a0 In the DP30 power pack, two of DMI\u2019s fuel cells deliver a \u201chighly variable output voltage (40 to 74 Volts).\u201d\u00a0 This Power Delivery Network (PDN) consists of two separate power trains: the first delivering 12 Amps of 48-Volt power the drone\u2019s rotor motors, and the second providing up to eight Amps of 12-Volt power to the stack\u2019s controller board and its cooling fans.<\/p>\n<p>Vicor provides pre-regulator modulation (PRM) via its pre-regulator modulation (PRM) buck-boost regulators and a zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) buck regulator.\u00a0 The PRMs, \u201ccan accept input voltages across the fuel-cell stack&#8217;s full operating range, up to its 74-V open circuit voltage (OCV), while providing a tightly regulated 48-V.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Marine Rescue Mission with Hydrogen Drone\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/BSSGJL9pLbs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Mascellino report,s \u201cLooking forward, DMI plans to leverage Vicor\u2019s modular approach to diversify product lines by power capacity, introducing other options to the 2.6kW DP30 power pack currently in production, and corresponding drones suitable for each power pack.\u201d\u00a0 Obviously planning for a range of drone sizes, DMI will produce power packs from 1.5 kW to 10 kW.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_16111\" style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/sustainableskies.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/vicor-fuel-cell-vs-battery.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16111\" class=\"wp-image-16111 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/sustainableskies.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/vicor-fuel-cell-vs-battery.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"440\" height=\"470\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-16111\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Energy density comparison between hydrogen fuel cell and lithium power. Image used courtesy of Vicor<\/p><\/div>\n<p>With humanitarian and commercial missions in mind, DMI has flown between the U. S. Virgin Islands, as described above, and delivered Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) to the top of Mt. Hallasan, the tallest mountain in South Korea (1,947.06 meters or 6,388.0 ft). \u00a0This ability to haul a large payload to such an altitude is an impressive demonstration of the drone\u2019s capability.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Delft Technical University\u2019s Phoenix<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Even longer ranges are possible with hydrogen-powered fixed wing aircraft.\u00a0 Delft Technical University students are busy building a 1\/3-scale model of the Phoenix motorglider they hope to demonstrate this year.\u00a0 Their introduction video certainly makes that ambition seem plausible.<\/p>\n<p>Before regular readers of the blog complain that the airplane looks a lot like Stuttgart University\u2019s e-Genius, the student team credits that aircraft with inspiring the design for their craft.\u00a0 In fact, e-Genius was originally<a href=\"https:\/\/cafe.foundation\/v2\/pdf_eas\/2009\/SteffenGeinitz_2009.pdf\"> Hydrogenius, as presented in 2009<\/a>.\u00a0 Originally designed with a range of 375 miles on 9.3 pounds of H2 (roughly equivalent to 4.2 gallons of gasoline).\u00a0 That would have equaled 178.6 passenger miles per gallon, a creditable achievement.\u00a0 In reality, during the 2011 NASA Green Flight Challenge sponsored by Google, the craft achieved 375.8 passenger miles per gallon.\u00a0 It\u2019s since gone on to fly with a rotary-engine range extender mounted in an underwing pod.\u00a0 TU students think they can do better on hydrogen, though.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"AeroDelft Team Presentation\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HfHvHNf29og?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\u201cFlying from Amsterdam to Casablanca (Morocco) on one tank of fuel? This can be done until today by not a single engine airplane!\u201d\u00a0 The roughly-translated idea of traversing 2,327 kilometers (1,446 miles) in a single hop is part of what the AeroDelft team members hope to accomplish on a fairly ambitious schedule.\u00a0 First, they will fly their 1\/3-scale PT this year.\u00a0 Then, by 2022, a full-size, 18.6 meter span two-seater will take flight on gaseous hydrogen, followed by a liquid-fueled version 2024.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_16116\" style=\"width: 614px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/sustainableskies.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/aerodelft-timeline.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16116\" class=\"wp-image-16116\" src=\"http:\/\/sustainableskies.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/aerodelft-timeline-528x153.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"604\" height=\"175\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-16116\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Timeline for Aerodelft&#8217;s Phoenix. PT is 1\/3-scale proof-of-concept model, FS is full-size<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Even the skills of a richly-talented crew are challenged by the tech required for H2 operations. \u00a044 students from 17 countries worked on the project so far. \u00a0\u201cThe 1:3 scale prototype is powered by a 1500W fuel cell coupled with a battery pack for take-off power and safety. Hydrogen is kept in a cryogenic tank at -253\u00b0C and warmed to 0\u00b0C using a complex tubing system.\u00a0 \u201dThe tank is insulated with a 20-centimeter (7.87-inch) thick layer of material to maintain the extreme cold.<\/p>\n<p>One pound of H2 will fly the model for seven hours and as many as 500 kilometers (310 miles).\u00a0 Scheduled for this spring, the model will serve as a proof of concept for the full-scale aircraft.\u00a0 As though 700-bar pressurized tanks and complex fueling were not enough, the craft will feature, &#8220;boundary layer suction on the wings, consisting of 14 million fine bores\u2026 on the upper side of the wing,\u201d which could add up to 14 percent to lift coefficients.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_16117\" style=\"width: 614px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/sustainableskies.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/aerodelft-olga-lubbers.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16117\" class=\"wp-image-16117\" src=\"http:\/\/sustainableskies.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/aerodelft-olga-lubbers-528x528.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"604\" height=\"604\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-16117\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">AeroDelft&#8217;s Chief Engineer Olga Lubbers with 1\/3-scale PT. Hydrogen tank for full-scale aircraft will be much smaller, proportionally<\/p><\/div>\n<p>TU students hope to, \u201cInspire the aviation industry to act on the changes necessary to achieve a global sustainable turnaround in aviation. After two years of dedicated research and manufacturing activities, the first prototype &#8220;Phoenix PT&#8221; represents an important milestone.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Even more ambitious, perhaps, students predict the first H2 flight around the world by 2024 and the first flight of a commercial aircraft powered by H2 by 2035.<\/p>\n<div id=\"facebook_like\"><iframe src=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/plugins\/like.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fcafe.foundation%2Fblog%2Ftwo-hydrogen-powered-aerial-vehicles%2F&amp;layout=standard&amp;show_faces=true&amp;width=500&amp;action=like&amp;font=segoe+ui&amp;colorscheme=light&amp;height=80\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none; overflow:hidden; width:500px; height:80px;\" allowTransparency=\"true\"><\/iframe><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Two very different hydrogen-powered aerial vehicles have come to our attention, each with a different mission, but both with endurance and range as primary functions.\u00a0 Both use a fairly straightforward fuel cell\/motor arrangement to power their flights. Vicor\/DMI Fuel Cell Drones Doosan Mobility Innovation (DMI) is a major drone manufacturer, and their largest products push [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7568,15,7555,3,6894,6806,14],"tags":[10592,10593,4280,10594,1274,10595,1275,10596,10597,10598,10599],"class_list":["post-13962","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-announcements","category-electric_powerplants","category-fuel-cells","category-gfc","category-hybrid-aircraft","category-hydrogen-fuel","category-sustainable_ga","tag-aerodelft","tag-alessandro-mascellino","tag-delft-technical-university","tag-doosan-mobility-innovation-dmi","tag-e-genius","tag-ee-power-journal","tag-hydrogenius","tag-mt-hallasan","tag-nasa-green-flight-challenge","tag-olga-lubbers","tag-vicor-buck-boost-regulators"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Two Hydrogen-Powered Aerial Vehicles - CAFE Foundation Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/cafe.foundation\/blog\/two-hydrogen-powered-aerial-vehicles\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Two Hydrogen-Powered Aerial Vehicles - CAFE Foundation Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Two very different hydrogen-powered aerial vehicles have come to our attention, each with a different mission, but both with endurance and range as primary functions.\u00a0 Both use a fairly straightforward fuel cell\/motor arrangement to power their flights. 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