{"id":8011,"date":"2013-07-09T16:38:02","date_gmt":"2013-07-09T23:38:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cafe.foundation\/blog\/?p=8011"},"modified":"2013-07-10T09:16:28","modified_gmt":"2013-07-10T16:16:28","slug":"iodized-salt-iodine-battery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/cafe.foundation\/blog\/iodized-salt-iodine-battery\/","title":{"rendered":"Iodized Salt – Iodine Battery"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Blog has reported on aqueous batteries, such as those developed by PolyPlus,<\/a> a firm that has worked with the U. S. Navy to develop long-duration batteries compatible with sea water.\u00a0 Sea water carries about 60 parts per billion of iodine by mass, from which we get iodized salt.<\/p>\n

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Battery performance going swimmingly, the Riken lithium-iodine battery is said to excel in most areas<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n

Which may have been the starting point for Riken, \u201cJapan’s largest comprehensive research institution renowned for high-quality research in a diverse range of scientific disciplines.\u201d \u00a0 Hye Ryung Byon and her team from the\u00a0Byon Initiative Research Unit<\/a>(IRU), have developed\u00a0a lithium-iodine (Li-I2) battery system<\/a> with a significantly higher energy density than conventional lithium-ion batteries.<\/p>\n

The Japanese New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization has set goals for batteries similar to those anticipated by IBM with its Battery 500 program.\u00a0 They want 500-kilometer (311 mile) range for electric cars that could compete with internal-combustion powered vehicles.\u00a0 This would require battery energy densities of 0.5 kilowatt hours per kilogram, nearly three times current capabilities, usually less than 0.2 kilowatt hours per kilogram.<\/p>\n

Since existing battery chemistries are near their performance limitations, Riken scientists are looking at new chemistries and configurations capable of reaching higher energy densities.<\/p>\n

\u201c…They report that aqueous lithium-iodine batteries based on the triiodide\/iodide redox reaction (a reaction involving the transfer of ions through the reduction of an oxidizer) show high battery performance. The high solubility of triiodide\/iodide redox couples results in an energy density of ~ 0.33\u2009kWh\u2009kg\u22121. The reversible redox reaction without the formation of resistive solid products promotes rechargeability, demonstrating 100 cycles with negligible capacity fading.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey suggest that a low cost, non-flammable and heavy-metal-free aqueous cathode can contribute to the feasibility of scale-up of lithium-iodine batteries for practical energy storage.\u201d<\/p>\n

Byon and colleagues now plan to develop a three-dimensional, micro-structured current collector that could enhance the diffusion-controlled triiodide\/iodide process and accelerate charge and discharge. \u00a0They also want \u00a0to raise energy densities even further with a flowing-electrode configuration using an external reservoir.<\/p>\n

Good results with these aqueous cathodes have the team looking at sodium- and potassium-iodine batteries.\u00a0 The study<\/a>, published in the journal\u00a0Nature Communications<\/em>, concludes in part, \u201cIn summary, the I3\u2013<\/sup>\/I\u2013<\/sup>\u00a0redox reaction-operated aqueous Li-I2<\/sub>\u00a0battery exhibited excellent cyclic performance with considerable energy and power densities. \u00a0Ideal Coulombic efficiency and capacity retention with no degradation of cathode establish the aqueous Li-I2<\/sub>\u00a0battery as one of the outstanding post-Li batteries.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n